A colonic irrigation involves flushing the colon with huge volumes of water. Usually, it is performed by someone who routinely does this procedure. Basically, the patient lies stomach-side down on a table and the practitioner passes a tube into the rectum. This tube is connected to a tap water feed and water is allowed to pass into the colon for about 45 minutes to an hour. During this time, the anus is allowed to drain feces.The primary principle motivating this therapy is that stool becomes "stuck" in the colon and this buildup of stool causes the buildup of toxins, which can make one sick. In fact, advocates of this procedure may claim that they have found mother�s breast milk or even a child�s nails (from nailbiting in childhood) in the colon of an adult!These claims are without merit. Normally, the digestive system does not tolerate such a buildup of stool ( ). It prevents this by employing a housekeeping activity known as the migrating motor complex, or MMC for short. Every day a wave of peristalsis sweeps over the entire length of the digestive tract, moving material along. Of course, it is possible that the MMC is not working right. The result is a slowing of movement in the GI tract, known as stasis, which can lead to bacterial overgrowth in the small bowel. However, colonic irrigations do not reach the small bowel. Finally, toxins, such as ammonia, are not allowed to buildup in the digestive tract. Whether one is constipated or not, there is a continual supply of new material entering the colon. So old or new, toxins must continually be processed by the liver. They buildup only if there is a problem with liver function, as in he-patic encephalopathy ( ). In addition to the illogical basis for colonic irrigations, there are potential dangers. First, putting a large volume of water in the intestine can lower the osmotic potential in the lumen forcing important minerals, such as potassium, to leak out of the body, resulting in an electrolyte abnormality. Further, it is possible to damage the rectum when placing the speculum (the tip of the tube that enters the rectum) causing a rectal prolapse or other damage to the rectum ( ). Finally, if the instruments used are not sterile, the patient might develop an infection with a dangerous pathogen ( ).