Before getting too encouraged, it would help to identify some of the limitations of this study before drawing any conclusions: Patients were referred to the medical center specifically for breath hydrogen testing after being evaluated by physicians who suspected this diagnosis. This would tend to skew the proportion of persons with positive studies, simply because the doctors have already suspected the diagnosis. So the 78% figure may be higher than might occur in a better designed study.This is not a placebo-controlled double-blinded study. In well-designed studies, a proportion of subjects receive a placebo, so the investigators can compare the benefits of those on the active treatment to those on placebo. In addition, usually, neither the study subjects nor the investigators know who is getting the active drug or placebo. But when there is no placebo, then all patients (and investigators) will know they are receiving the active treatment (i.e., the antibiotics), and they may do better ("placebo effect") because they expect to do better. So the level of improvement here might be higher than if the study subjects did not know which treatment they were getting.Although 157 patients were tested for bacterial overgrowth, less than 1/3 were actually tested with regard to benefits from treatment. It is unclear why so few patients came back. Were the ones who didn't come back doing better or worse? Preferably, efforts need to be made to study all patients in order to know if the results are valid.This was a "convenience study". It appears that the authors went back in the clinical records to report their results rather than design a prospective study where patients follow a specific protocol. For example, at least four different antibiotics were used by different physicians. So it is unknown whether one antibiotic might be better than another, and these kinds of differences in how the study is conducted will interfere with the conclusions that can be drawn from the study.In summary, I believe that while the findings being reported are not a major breakthrough, they should increase awareness of one disorder that can mimic or worsen IBSfrom http://216.239.39.104/search?q=cache:0n0E2...&hl=en&ie=UTF-8